From Prototype to Production: Scaling a Custom ITO Glass Heater Project

https://thermal-element-journal.fairmontdigest.com/posts/kapton-heater-maintenance-and-troubleshooting-guide

In camera windows, an ITO glass heater must deliver heat in a controlled way. It uses a transparent conductive ITO layer applied to glass. One useful trait is full-surface heating. Still, edge losses can change the result